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Terceiro mandato
2007. It a mistake to believe that Lula is working for a third mandate. He knows that democracy is consolidated in Brazil, and that such constitutional amendment has no chance of being approved. (Article: Folha de S.Paulo,5.11.2007)
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Os ciclos da sociedade e do Estado
2007. Brazilian society underwent two cycles in the twentieth century (Nação e Desenvolvimento and Democracia e Justiça), followed, with a gap, by the respective political coalition at state level. (Section of the book Macroeconomia da Estagnação)
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Chained cycles of society and the state in Brazil
2007. Brazilian society underwent two cycles in the twentieth century, followed, with a gap, by the respective political coalition. Between the beginning of the century and 1964, the first society cycle, “Nação e Desenvolvimento”, corresponded at state level by the National-Developmentalist political pact (1930-1984). The second , “Democracia e Justiça Social”, begins in the late 1960s and gets exhausted in middle 2000s. It correspond to two political coalitions: first, between 1977 and 1987, the 1977 Popular-Democratic Pact, that achieves democratic transition and political power in 1985 but collapses two years later it follows a political vacuum and, from 1991 to the present, we have the Liberal-Dependent Pact precariously combined with the democratic and social ideas - and no real economic development. (Section of the book Macroeconomia da Estagnação)
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Crise Économique et Réforme de l'État au Brésil
2002. Economic and political analysis of the crisis of the state from 1980 to 1995 in Brazil. Includes a critical introduction. Portuguese and English versions available. (Book: Maison des Sciences de l'Homme)
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After the elites, civil society's democracy in Brazil
2000. This paper presents a hystorical typology of democracy: elites or Schumpeterian democracy, civil society"s public opinions democracy, participatory democracy, and deliberative democracy. Brazil is in transition from elites democracy to public opinions democracy. Portuguese version available. (Paper: IPSA Congress, Quebec)
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Pobres Elites Iluminadas
2000. Brazil, as all new democracies, is an "elites' democracy". Yet, there are indication of a transition to what may be called "civil societys democracy", where public opinion become relevant (Estudos Avançados, USP)*
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Diálogo sem certezas
1998. The press is a central tool of the democratic debate. It must be critical without ignoring trust and respect.(Speech at Folha de S.Paulo)
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Crise Econômica e Reforma do Estado no Brasil
1996. The crisis of the state interpretation. Economic and political analysis of the crisis starting in 1980 in Latin America. English and French versions availalble. (Book: Editora 34)
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Economic Crisis and State Reform in Brazil
1996. The 'crisis of the state interpretation'. Economic and political analysis of the crisis starting in 1980 in Latin America. Portuguese and French versions available. (Book: Lynne Rienner Publishers)
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Prefácio para Conquistas e Resistências do Poder (1964-1984): A Emergência do Discurso Democrático no Brasil, de Danielle Forget
1994. An original analysis of the democratic discourse in Brazil. (Preface to Danielle Forgets Conquistas e Resistências do Poder (1964-1984): A Emergência do Discurso Democrático no Brasil.
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A modernização incompleta e pactos políticos
1993. Given its extreme social heterogeneity and the 'contradictory citizenship', there is not a social contract in Brazil. In the recent past, informal growth oriented political pacts replaced a social contracts. The solution for the present crisis depends on the definition of a not growth oriented political pact. French and English versions available.(Paper in book edited by Sola e Paulani).
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Populism and economic policy in Brazil
1991. Economic populism, left’s protectionism, and the right’s monetarist orthodoxy are together major obstacles to consistent and rational economic policies and reforms. Portuguese version with the title "Ideologias econômicas e democracia no Brasil" available. (Paper: Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs)
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Economic ideologies and the consolidation of democracy in Brazil
1989. The transition to democracy was an outcome of successful political popular-business pact, but mistaken ideoloiges originated in old nationalism and left populism, and on conservative clientelism, opportunism, social conservatism, monetarism, crude liberalism, and subordinated internationalism represent an obstacle to democratic consolidation and growth in Brazil. Portuguese version available.
(Paper in book edited by Diane Ethier)
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Ideologias econômicas e democracia no Brasil
1989. The transition to democracy was an outcome of successful political popular-business pact, but mistaken ideoloiges originated in old nationalism and left populism, and on conservative clientelism, opportunism, social conservatism, monetarism, crude liberalism, and subordinated internationalism represent an obstacle to democratic consolidation and growth in Brazil. (Paper: Estudos Avançados). English version available.
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The dialectic of redemocratization and abertura
1984. The 'abertura' is a strategy that military are using to postpone the democratic transition that became inevitable since the Brazilian business men broke down their alliance with them.(Paper in Development and Crisis in Brazil: 1930-1983.)
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O Colapso de uma Aliança de Classes
1978. Since the authoritarian "1977 April package", the bourgeoisie broke its alliance with the military. It did not fear anymore communism, and preferred democracy. Thus, the book predicts that the transition to democracy is under way. (Book: Editora Brasiliense)
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O administrador profissional e as perspectivas da sociedade brasileira
1966. Given the existence of a large middle classe, democracy's restoration is inevitable. In this process, Brazilian industrial entrepreneurs must associate themselves with the new business managers that are emerging and develop a national development strategy that should be democratic and socially progressive. (Paper: Revista de Administração de Empresas)
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Após a Redemocratização
1977. The transition to democracy and, gradually, to socialism predicted on the basis of the rupture of the alliance of the bourgeoisie with the military technobureaucracy. (Paper: Contexto).
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